The Dutch government has sent an amendment to the Foreign Ships Act to the Council of State for urgent advice. The proposed legislation is intended to strengthen measures against the Russian shadow fleet – vessels used to covertly transport sanctioned Russian oil around the world.
The amendment will provide additional powers to take action against ships sailing under a false flag or without a flag. The UN Convention on the Law of the Sea (UNCLOS) provides the legal basis for such measures. The proposal incorporates the necessary powers into Dutch national legislation, allowing authorities to detain these vessels and order them to proceed to a port or anchorage for inspection.
The Foreign Ships Act falls under the responsibility of the Ministry of Infrastructure and Water Management. The amendment also makes part of the Police Act applicable, giving the police authority to participate in future enforcement operations. The Ministry of Defence will play a key role in carrying out any future actions against the shadow fleet.
Also read: Netherlands to crack down on shadow fleet
Stopping Russia’s revenue flows and espionage
Russia uses the shadow fleet to finance its war of aggression against Ukraine, which has now continued for four years. Taking action against these vessels is intended to reduce this source of revenue.
In addition, such vessels may be used as platforms for espionage and sabotage, including mapping and potentially disrupting critical subsea infrastructure such as data and power cables. Addressing these risks is intended to strengthen national resilience.
At the same time, the measures aim to protect the North Sea environment. Many shadow fleet vessels are ageing, unsafe and uninsured, increasing the risk of serious environmental damage in the event of an accident.
Also read: EU imposes new sanctions on Russian shadow fleet
Boarding vessels and inspections
The proposed legislation will make it easier for authorities to board suspect vessels, inspect documentation and, where necessary, escort them to an anchorage. There, further inspections can be carried out and vessels may be detained. The government says the changes will strengthen the protection of national security and the North Sea against the risks posed by the Russian shadow fleet.
