Rijkswaterstaat has updated its policy for the placement of wind turbines along Dutch waterways. They better reflect the characteristics of modern wind turbines, whose rotor diameters have increased significantly in recent years.
TNO and MARIN research forms the bases for the revised setback requirements. Rijkswaterstaat is responsible for the design, construction, management and maintenance of the Netherlands’ primary infrastructure facilities.
Under the previous policy, wind turbines could be installed at a minimum distance of 50 metres from the edge of a waterway. However, recent research showed that this requirement is not always sufficient for larger, modern turbines. In some cases, turbine blades can generate radar echoes that interfere with vessel and shore-based radar systems. This potentially affects navigational safety.
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New minimum distance
Based on the findings, Rijkswaterstaat has introduced a new minimum setback distance of half the rotor diameter plus 35 metres from the edge of the waterway. According to the research, wind turbines installed at or beyond this distance do not create radar echoes over the waterway and are therefore acceptable from a vessel and shore radar perspective.
The revised policy also allows for project-specific assessments. Developers may be able to demonstrate through additional studies that a shorter distance will not adversely affect radar performance. Rijkswaterstaat will then individually evaluate such cases. However, this flexibility does not apply to locations with elevated navigational risks, including locks, bridges, weirs, waterway intersections and harbour entrances.
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Effects on shipping
MARIN carried out research for Rijkswaterstaat into the effects of wind turbines on safe and efficient shipping. The study examined the impact of wind turbines on radar performance, navigation and traffic flow on inland and coastal waterways. The findings contributed to the identification of safe setback distances and highlighted locations where additional caution is required. The updated policy provides greater clarity for permitting authorities and wind energy developers while continuing to safeguard the safety of maritime traffic.
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