The Batavia, the full-scale reconstruction of the 1628 Dutch East India Company “retourschip”, arrived at Damen Shiprepair Amsterdam on Saturday 19 September after a six-hour tow. At the yard, it will be lowered onto a 100+-tonne steel and wood cradle, the first step in moving the ship permanently ashore at Museum Batavialand in nearby Lelystad.
The 56.6-metre wooden ship made the passage afloat on its own hull, masts standing, under tow by two tugs of Royal Van der Wees. The wooden hull will be lowered into the purpose-built cradle in dry dock 4; the same dock it was launched from in 1995. The Batavia has a beam of 10.5 metres, an air draught of 30.5 metres and a draught of 3.8 metres.
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Moving a fragile hull
The Batavia was towed rather than carried. Placing it on a pontoon for the passage would have introduced loads the hull is not built to carry, so the vessel stayed in the water, with its full rig in place and a 30.5-metre air draught. The timber has been afloat for 31 years.
In the seventeenth century these vessels could last between fifteen to max. 25 years. Hence, the vessel must be handled with the utmost care. The hull is in fragile condition, which set strict weather limits on the operation: the ship could not be allowed to work or move excessively in a seaway.
The Batavia arriving in Amsterdam (video footage by Peter Eijking).
The guns and a large part of the ballast were removed in advance, and temporary steel shoring was fitted in the hold and on the decks to absorb the loads that arise once the supporting buoyancy of the water falls away.
Centimetre work in dry dock 4
The dry-docking follows a sequence engineered over the past fourteen months. Crane mats are laid on a Van der Wees pontoon to distribute load, support pots are set on the mats, and the steel cradle – 39.7 metres long, 15.5 metres wide, 87.2 tonnes of steel and 14 tonnes of wood – is craned onto the pots from the quay.
The pontoon is then ballasted down and submerged in dry dock 4, for which Damen Shiprepair designed a dedicated dock bed. Two small tugs manoeuvre the Batavia over the cradle, after which the dock is pumped down and the ship settles into its supports under controlled conditions.
Once dry, the remaining voids between hull and cradle are packed with timber, a task expected to take two days while the structure beds in. The pontoon is then deballasted, and the dock reflooded until it lifts the pontoon with the ship clear, and the Batavia is towed to the quay, where the remaining ballast is removed. It will leave Amsterdam at a hull weight of almost 650 tonnes.
Paul van de Craats, Commercial Manager at Damen Shiprepair Amsterdam: ‘I followed the construction of this ship during my own training years, under Mr Vos, and what struck me was that they built her authentically and taught young people the carpentry trade while doing it. We work the same way; we train our own people on the job to master ship repair. That is why this project means something here. Dutch maritime history came into dock 4 in 1995 and it is back now. In addition, the cradle carrying her, designed by Q3 Heavy Lift, was built by our sister company Niron Staal. We are incredibly proud to be part of this project coming full-circle.’
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Designing the cradle
The load model behind the cradle took ten months to develop. FaraFlash established the ship’s dimensions and weight and produced the basic cradle design; Q3 Heavy Lift carried out the detailed engineering, including the support and jacking arrangement.
Kuperus & Gardenier verified dimensions and weight and advised on the hull’s vulnerable areas – Jan Kuperus and Rienk Gardenier trained on the Batavia as apprentices under shipwright Willem Vos during its construction. Niron Staal fabricated the cradle. Trans Global Projects is responsible for project management, risk analysis, permitting and public safety.
‘We normally move transformers and offshore structures for a living. Nobody ever sees that work, except for the people who are inconvenienced by road closures and such,’ says Ard Suvaal, Project Manager at Trans Global Projects. ‘This project is different: it’s highly public and has enormous historical value. Both from a professional engineering point of view and from a personal perspective, it’s very special to suddenly manage the logistics of a reconstruction of a seventeenth-century East India vessel.’
Batavia to Lelystad on 1 October
The Batavia is scheduled to return to Lelystad on the pontoon on 1 October and to be moved ashore at Museum Batavialand on 2 October. The entire operation is part of Museum Batavialand’s large-scale redevelopment. The project has been commissioned by Museum Batavialand, the Municipality of Lelystad, the Province of Flevoland and the Cultural Heritage Agency of the Netherlands.
The project partners are: Museum Batavialand (owner); Trans Global Projects (project management, risk analysis); Damen Shiprepair (dry dock operations, setting the ship in the cradle); Royal Van der Wees (towage, pontoon); FaraFlash (weighing, dimensional survey, basic cradle design); Kuperus & Gardenier (verification, advice on design and vulnerable areas); Q3 Heavy Lift (detailed cradle engineering, SPMT transport, roll-off, jacking, final placement); Anton Bouw- en Betontechniek (concrete foundation); Niron Staal (cradle fabrication); Halyard Risk (risk assessment on behalf of the insurer).
Picture: Batavia sailing past Amsterdam city centre (photo Museum Batavialand).
